What are the different types of prosecutions?

Criminal prosecutions fall into two broad categories, either indictable or summary conviction. Indicatable matters cover more serious such as murder and robbery, whereas summary conviction matters include simple theft.

In addition to criminal prosecutions, regulatory prosecutions involve violations of public welfare legislation or professional regulatory regimes.

Do different offences require a different approach?

Although each type of prosecution raises different principles, a good defence involves a thorough understanding of the law coupled with exhaustive pre-trial preparation.

Is there a different standard of proof between criminal and regulatory offences?

Criminal offences have a high standard of proof beyond a reasonable doubt. In contrast, regulatory offences have a different and less stringent standard.

What are the common types of criminal offences charges?

● Fraud, Theft & Commercial Crime
Including everything from shoplifting to complex fraud or tax evasion.
● Offences Involving Violence
Including murder, manslaughter and assault.
● Weapons and Firearms Offences
Including possession or trafficking in prohibited or restricted weapons, along with careless storage or unlawful possession of firearms.
● Drug Offences
Including trafficking or possession of a controlled substance.
● Property & White Collar Offences
Including theft, robbery, and income tax offences.
● Regulatory Offences and Quasi-Criminal Offences
Individuals or corporations may face charges under regulatory regimes, including occupational health and safety, professional regulatory or environmental offences.